Sport and Games Atlas

How The Game Is Played
Games

Poker

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Poker is a family of card games in which players bet on the value of their hand, combining chance, mathematical probability and psychological bluffing. Its exact origin is genuinely disputed among game historians. Candidate ancestors include the sixteenth century German bluffing game Pochen, its French derivative Poque, played in New Orleans by the early nineteenth century, and the English game Brag. A once common theory tracing poker to the Persian card game As Nas is now regarded by several modern game historians, including James McManus in Cowboys Full, as unsupported by solid evidence, a claim repeated for years without a documented chain connecting the two games. The game now recognizably called poker developed in the United States in the early nineteenth century around New Orleans and Mississippi riverboat gambling; the writer Jonathan H. Green 1834 account of Mississippi riverboat gambling is among the earliest surviving descriptions of a game recognizable as poker, though undocumented earlier play is often claimed for the 1820s.

Facts
Disputed
Origin Year
1834 1
1834 is the date of Jonathan H. Green written account describing a game recognizable as poker being played on Mississippi riverboats, one of the earliest surviving documented descriptions. Undocumented earlier play is often claimed for around 1829 in New Orleans, and the game itself draws on older European games including the German Pochen and French Poque; a once common theory tracing poker to the Persian game As Nas is now regarded by several game historians as unsupported. No single origin date commands consensus.
Governing Body
Poker has no single global governing body with universal recognition. The International Federation of Match Poker (IFMP), founded 29 April 2009 in Lausanne, Switzerland, describes itself as the global governing body for Match Poker, a scored, chance-reduced tournament variant, and won provisional membership of the International Mind Sports Association in 2010; the World Series of Poker, poker's best known international championship, is run commercially rather than by any federation. 2
Multiple bodies have claimed a governing role for poker since the 2000s (the earlier International Poker Federation founded 2002, FIDPA founded 2007, and IFMP founded 2009 among them); IFMP is the one this wave could verify directly, by reading its own Wikipedia page, so it is the one cited. No source checked this wave shows any of these bodies holding the kind of near-universal recognition FIFA or FIDE hold in their sports.
Originating Region
United States, primarily New Orleans and the Mississippi River region, with contested European antecedents 1
Game Type
Card game, betting and bluffing 1
Cross-Tradition Connections

Featured In

Played By

Source Cowboys Full: The Story of PokerJames McManus
Sources
1. Cowboys Full: The Story of Poker
James McManus, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009
2. Wikipedia, International Federation of Match Poker
Wikipedia
Quote
Established April 29, 2009, in Lausanne, Switzerland
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