Sport and Games Atlas

How The Game Is Played
Sign In
Text size
100%
Theme
Game

Hex

Alignment and Abstract Strategy Games

Hex is a two-player abstract strategy connection game played on a rhombus-shaped board of hexagonal cells, in which each player tries to form an unbroken chain of their own colored pieces connecting their two opposite sides of the board while blocking the opponent from doing the same. The game cannot end in a draw, since one player connecting their sides necessarily blocks the other. It was independently invented by the Danish mathematician and poet Piet Hein in 1942 and separately by the American mathematician John Nash around 1948, and it has since become a well-studied example in combinatorial game theory.

Facts
Origin Year
1942 1
Originating Region
Denmark 1
Game Type
Two-player abstract strategy connection game 1
Classification
Player Count
Two-Player 1
Sport
Game Type (category)
Strategy Game 1
In the Other Atlases
Sources
1. Hex (board game), Wikipedia
  • Section: History, invention by Piet Hein
    The game was invented by the Danish mathematician Piet Hein, who introduced it in 1942 at the Niels Bohr Institute.
  • Section: History, Niels Bohr Institute introduction
    introduced it in 1942 at the Niels Bohr Institute
  • Lead paragraph, first sentence
    Hex (also called Nash) is a two-player abstract strategy board game in which players attempt to connect opposite sides of a rhombus-shaped board made of hexagonal cells.
  • Section: History, rediscovery by John Nash
    The game was rediscovered in 1948 or 1949 by the mathematician John Nash at Princeton University.
  • Game type section, determined game
    Since the game can never end in a draw, Hex is also a determined game.
  • Lead section, invention and popularization
    Hex was invented by mathematician and poet Piet Hein in 1942 and later rediscovered and popularized by John Nash.
  • Lead section, no draws sentence
    Draws are impossible in Hex due to the topology of the game board.
  • Rules section, board size
    Hex is played on a rhombic grid of hexagons, typically of size 11×11, although other sizes are also possible.
  • Nash's claim section
    Nash insisted that he discovered the game independently of Hein, but there is some doubt about this, as it is known that there were Danish people, including Aage Bohr, who played Hex at Princeton in the 1940s, so that Nash may have subconsciously picked up the idea.
  • Published games section, first publication as Polygon
    The game was first published by Hein under the name Polygon in the Danish newspaper Politiken on 26 December 1942.
  • Published games section, Parker Brothers edition
    In 1952, Parker Brothers marketed a version of the game under the name "Hex", and the name stuck.
  • Rules section, winning condition
    Each player's goal is to form a connected path of their own stones linking their two board edges.
  • Research timeline section, first-player strategy
    It was also known to Hein that the first player has a theoretical winning strategy.
  • entity record, description lead (player-count)
    Hex is a two-player abstract strategy connection game played on a rhombus-shaped board of hexagonal cells, in which each player tries to form an unbroken chain of their own colored pieces connecting their two opposite sides of the board while blocking the opponent from doing the same. The game cannot end in a draw, since one player connecting their sides necessarily blocks the other. It
View the Source
Wikidata: Hex
Wikidata Q844874, class allow-list match (w-wdresolver-0926)View the Source

Take a Related Quiz

Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.
Reader Challenges (0)
No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.

View At A Past Year

Choose a year to see this entry's facts and connections as the atlas records them at that moment: what it held then, what it held instead, and what it had not yet adopted. Choose Present for the current record.